On April 29, 2025, the U.S. Department of State approved a potential Foreign Military Sale (FMS) to the Government of Poland involving AIM-120D3 medium-range air-to-air missiles, with an estimated value of $1.33 billion. The authorization, transmitted to Congress by the Defense Security Cooperation Agency (DSCA), marks a new phase in the enhancement of Poland’s air defense capabilities. As a strategic NATO ally located on the eastern flank of the Alliance, Poland faces increasing aerial threats in its region.
According to the information released, Poland seeks to acquire 400 AIM-120D3 AMRAAM missiles, along with 16 associated guidance sections equipped with Selective Availability Anti-Spoofing Module (SAASM) or M-Code GPS encryption modules, and one instrumented AIM-120 test vehicle. The proposed deal also includes non-MDE (non-Major Defense Equipment) support components such as control sections, transport containers, test sets like the ADU-891, CMBRE (Common Munitions Built-in-Test Reprogramming Equipment), KGV-135A encryption devices, Computer Program Identification Numbers (CPINs), as well as spare parts, consumables, classified software, technical publications, logistical support services, studies, transportation, and assistance provided by the U.S. government and industry partners.
The AIM-120D3 represents the most advanced version of the AMRAAM (Advanced Medium-Range Air-to-Air Missile) family, developed by RTX (formerly Raytheon). While maintaining the aerodynamic configuration of previous variants, the D3 model incorporates major improvements in range, guidance, connectivity, and resistance to electronic countermeasures. Featuring inertial navigation with a two-way data link, the missile retains its fire-and-forget capability while benefiting from enhanced in-flight adaptability via networked sensor updates. Its solid-fuel propulsion enables supersonic speeds close to Mach 4, and the range has been extended to approximately 160–180 km, enabling engagements well beyond visual range (BVR).